Engineering Seminar Topics and Seminar Topics

 Download Full Article AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

            In the future, airliners will provide a variety of entertainment and communications equipment to the passenger. Since people are becoming more and more used to their own communications equipment, such as mobile phones and laptops with Internet connection, either through a network interface card or dial-in access through modems, business travellers will soon be demanding wireless access to communication services.  Specifically it focus on wireless services such as UMTS and W-LAN in aircraft cabins that connect the passenger via satellite to terrestrial infrastructure. Current trends are towards high data rate communication services, in particular internet applications.  In an aeronautical scenario global coverage is essential for providing continuous service.  Therefore satellite communication became indispensable, and together with ever increasing data rate requirements of applications, aeronautical satellite communication meets an expensive market. Certain features of UMTS and W-LAN that helps to provide these services are also explained.

INTRODUCTION

                 The demand for making air traveling more ‘pleasant, secure and productive for passengers is one of the winning factors for airlines and aircraft industry. Current trends are towards high data rate communication services, in particular Internet applications. In an aeronautical scenario global coverage is essential for providing continuous service. Therefore satellite communication becomes indispensable, and together with the ever increasing data rate requirements of applications, aeronautical satellite communication meets an expansive market.

                Wireless Cabin (IST -2001-37466) is looking into those radio access technologies to be transported via satellite to terrestrial backbones .  The project will provide UMTS services, W-LAN IEEE 802.11 b and Blue tooth to the cabin passengers. With the advent of new services a detailed investigation of the expected traffic is necessary in order to plan the needed capacities to fulfill the QoS demands. This paper will thus describe a methodology for the planning of such system.

             In the future, airliners will provide a variety of entertainment and communications equipment to the passenger. Since people are becoming more and more used to their own communications equipment, such as mobile phones and laptops with Internet connection, either through a network interface card or dial-in access through modems, business travelers will soon be demanding wireless access to communication services.

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 Download Full Article SATRACK

                 The origin of the missile can be traced back to the roman war machine the catapult. The guided missile was born when Werner Von Siemens suggested a guide torpedo for submarines in the late 19^th century. From these beginnings the present day trident and tomahawk are guided from the skies using the GPS signals. This seminar deals with the measurement concept that tests the missile accuracy. SATRACK receives, rebroadcast, records and tracks the satellite signals sent by the GPS signals. The reception and rebroadcast of the signals is done by a missile hardware called the GPS translator. The ground telemetry stations consist of the RF antenna and recorders for the data. Post-flight processing and modeling are done later at the SATRACK Facility. Also the major error contributors to the missile flight are determined by the modeling done. There is extensive use of simulated signals in this method. This seminar also throws light on the major breakthrough technologies that were developed during the research leading up to the final form of this technology. The major advantages, disadvantages and future applications of this method is also discussed. This guidance system evaluation concept is the best in the current test and evaluation technology for guided weapons systems.

INTRODUCTION

            According to the dictionary guidance is the ‘process of guiding the path of an object towards a given point, which in general may be moving’. The process of guidance is based on the position and velocity if the target relative to the guided object. The present day ballistic missiles are all guided using the global positioning system or GPS.GPS uses satellites as instruments for sending signals to the missile during flight and to guide it to the target. SATRACK is a system that was developed to provide an evaluation methodology for the guidance system of the ballistic missiles. This was developed as a comprehensive test and evaluation program to validate the integrated weapons system design for nuclear powered submarines launched ballistic missiles. This is based on the tracking signals received at the missile from the GPS satellites. SATRACK has the ability to receive record, rebroadcast and track the satellite signals. SATRACK facility also has the great advantage that the whole data obtained from the test flights can be used to obtain a guidance error model. The recorded data along with the simulation data from the models can produce a comprehensive guidance error model. This will result in the solution that is the best flight path for the missile.

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Download Full Article Smart Dust

            The ‘Smart Dust’ project is aiming to build an autonomous sensing, computing, and communication system packed into a cubic-millimeter mote, to form the basis of integrated, massively distributed sensor networks.  So, this device will be around the size of a grain of sand and will contain sensors, computational ability, bidirectional wireless communications, and power supply, while being inexpensive enough to deploy by the hundreds.  Smart Dust requires evolutionary and revolutionary advances in integration, miniaturization and energy management.

   If the project is successful, clouds of smart dust could one day be used in an astonishing array of application, from following enemy troop movements and hunting send missiles to detecting toxic chemicals in the environment and monitoring weather patters around the globe.

INTRODUCTION

     The current ultramodern technologies are focusing on automation and miniaturization.  The decreasing computing device size, increased connectivity and enhanced interaction with the physical world have characterized computing’s history.  Recently, the popularity of small computing devices, such as hand held computers and cell phones; rapidly flourishing internet group and the diminishing size and cost of sensors and especially transistors have accelerated these strengths.  The emergence of small computing elements, with sporadic connectivity and increased interaction with the environment, provides enriched opportunities to reshape interactions between people and computers and spur ubiquitous computing researches.  

       Smart dust is tiny electronic devices designed to capture mountains of information about their surroundings while literally floating on air.  Nowadays, sensors, computers and communicators are shrinking down to ridiculously small sizes.  If all of these are packed into a single tiny device, it can open up new dimensions in the field of communications.

               The idea behind ‘smart dust’ is to pack sophisticated sensors, tiny computers and wireless communicators in to a cubic-millimeter mote to form the basis of integrated, massively distributed sensor networks.  They will be light enough to remain suspended in air for hours.  As the motes drift on wind, they can monitor the environment for light, sound, temperature, chemical composition and a wide range of other information, and beam that data back to the base station, miles away.

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Download Full Article Solar Power Satellites

    The search for a new, safe and stable renewable energy source led to the idea of building a power station in space which transmits electricity to Earth. The concept of Solar Power Satellites (SPS) was invented by Glaser in 1968.Research is still going on in this field and NASA is planning to implement one by 2040. SPS converts solar energy into microwaves and transmit it to a receiving antenna on Earth for conversion to electric power. The key technology needed to enable the future feasibility of SPS is Microwave Power Transmission.

                     SPS would be a massive structure with an area of about 56 sq.m and would, weigh about 30,000 to 50,000 metric ton. Estimated cost is about $74 billion and would take about 30 years for its construction. In order to reduce the projected cost of a SPS suggestions are made to employ extraterrestrial resources for its construction. This reduces the transportation requirements of such a massive structure. However the realization of SPS concept holds great promises for solving energy crisis.   

INTRODUCTION

                The new millennium has introduced increased pressure for finding new renewable energy sources. The exponential increase in population has led to the global crisis such as global warming, environmental pollution and change and rapid decrease of fossil reservoirs. Also the demand of electric power increases at a much higher pace than other energy demands as the world is industrialized and computerized. Under these circumstances, research has been carried out to look into the possibility of building a power station in space to transmit electricity to Earth by way of radio waves-the Solar Power Satellites. Solar Power Satellites(SPS) converts solar energy in to micro waves and sends that microwaves in to a beam to a receiving antenna on the Earth for conversion to ordinary electricity.SPS is a clean, large-scale, stable electric power source. Solar Power Satellites is known by a variety of other names such as Satellite Power System, Space Power Station, Space Power System, Solar Power Station, Space Solar Power Station etc.[1].One of the key technologies needed to enable the future feasibility of SPS is that of Microwave Wireless Power Transmission.WPT is based on the energy transfer capacity of microwave beam i.e,energy can be transmitted by a well focused microwave beam. Advances in Phased array antennas and rectennas have provided the building blocks for a realizable WPT system [2].

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Download Full Article Interactive Voice Response System

        Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) is one of the most important breaks through in the field of telecommunication. IVRS provide a voice response to the customers and guide them to the information they require. The customers can call up any institute such as banks, universities, tourism industry and obtain any information by simply pressing certain button on his telephone as per the guidance of the voice fed into the computer.

        IVRS is an electronic device through which information is available related to any topic. IVRS is usually employed to know more about the organizations and can be modified to respond to voice of the customer for better response customer satisfaction. IVRS can be employed in customer services there by improving its flexibility and efficiency.

INTRODUCTION

        IVRS is an important development in the field of interactive communication which makes use of the most modern technology available today. IVRS is a unique blend of both the communication field and the software field, incorporating the best features of both these streams of technology. IVRS is an electronic device through which information is available related to any topic about a particular organization with the help of telephone lines anywhere in the world.

            IVRS provides a friendly and faster self service alternative to speaking with customer service agents. It finds a large scale use in enquiry systems of railways, banks, universities, tourism, industry etc. It is the easiest and most flexible mode of interactive communication because pressing a few numbers on the telephone set provides the user with a wide range of information on the topic desired. IVRS reduces the cost of servicing customers.

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