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WAP: An Introduction                                                           

The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a new advanced intelligent messaging service for digital mobile phones and other mobile terminals that will allow you to see Internet content in special text format on special WAP-enabled mobile phones. Enabling information access from handheld devices requires a deep understanding of both technical and market issues that are unique to the wireless environment. The WAP specification was developed by the industry’s best minds to address these issues. Wireless devices represent the ultimate constrained computing device with limited CPU, memory and battery life and a simple user interface. Wireless networks are constrained by low bandwidth, high latency and unpredictable availability and stability. The WAP specification addresses these issues by using the best of existing standards and developing new extensions when needed. The WAP solution leverages the tremendous investment in web servers, web development tools, web programmers and web applications while solving the unique problems associated with the wireless domain. The specification ensures that this solution is fast, reliable and secure. The WAP specification is developed and supported by the wireless telecommunication community so that the entire industry and its subscribers can benefit from a single, open specification. 

 The WAP forum                        

The WAP specification was developed by the WAP forum, a consortium founded by the telecommunication giants Nokia, Ericsson, Phone.com and Motorola. The WAP forum’s membership roster now includes computer industry heavyweights such as Microsoft, Oracle, IBM and Intel along with several hundred other companies. The WAP forum is an industry group dedicated to the goal of enabling sophisticated telephony and information services on handheld wireless devices. The WAP forum has drafted a global wireless protocol specification for all wireless networks and is contributing it to various industry groups and standard bodies.  This WAP specification by the WAP forum enables manufacturers, network operators, content providers and application developers to offer compatible products and secure services on all devices and networks, resulting in greater economies of scale and universal access to information.   

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Marconi’s innovative perception of electromagnetic waves and the air interface in 1897 was the first milestone on the important road to shared use of the radio spectrum. But only after almost a century later did mobile wireless communication start to take off. Despite a series of disappointing false starts, communication world in the late 1980’s was rapidly becoming more mobile for a much wider segment of communication users than ever before. With the advent of wireless technology, a transition from point-to-point communication toward person to-person communication (i.e.; independent of position) has begun. Testimony to this is the rapidly increasing penetration of cellular phones all across the world. In anticipation of the growing consumer demands, the next generation of wireless systems endeavors to provide person-to-person communication of the circuit and packet multimedia data.

The first generation cellular networks, which were based on analog technology with FM modulation, have been successfully deployed since the early and mid 1980’s. A typical example of a first generation cellular telephone system ( 1G ) is the Advanced Mobile Phone Services ( AMPS) . Second generation ( 2G ) wireless systems employ digital modulation and advanced call-processing capabilities. In view of the processing complexity required for these digital systems, two offered advantages are the possibility of using spectrally efficient radio transmission schemes such as Time Division Multiple Access ( TDMA ) or Code Division Multiple Access ( CDMA ), in comparison to the analog Frequency Division Multiple Access ( FDMA ) schemes previously employed and the provision for implementation of a wide variety of integrated speech and data services such as paging and low data rate network access. Examples of 2 G  wireless systems include the Global System for Mobile communication ( GSM ), TDMA IS-54/IS-136 and Personal Digital Cellular ( PDC ).

Third Generation ( 3G ) wireless systems will evolve from mature 2G networks with the aim of providing universal access and global roaming. More important these systems are expected to support multi dimensional (multi-information media, multi-transmission media, and multi-layered networks) high-speed wireless communication- an important milestone toward achieving the grand vision of ubiquitous personal communications. Introduction of wide band packet-data services for wireless Internet up to 2Mbps will be the main attribute of 3G system.

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